Diabetes and dry eye: a link that goes beyond the retina

If you have diabetes, you are probably aware of its impact on the retina, but this condition also directly affects the surface of the eye. Diabetes and dry eye are closely linked and can exacerbate each other.

High blood sugar damages the small blood vessels, affects the nerves and causes chronic inflammation that affects the eye. As a result, tear production decreases, tear quality is impaired and corneal sensitivity is reduced, contributing to dryness.

The most common symptoms include a burning sensation, a gritty feeling, redness and intermittent blurred vision. In diabetic patients, these symptoms should not be dismissed as normal, as they may mask a more complex problem.

Dry eye in diabetes is multifactorial and requires a specific diagnosis to assess inflammation, tear quality, Meibomian glands and corneal sensitivity. Only then is it possible to apply effective treatment.

Treatment must be personalised and include managing inflammation, improving tear function and protecting the ocular surface. Early diagnosis not only relieves symptoms but also prevents long-term complications.

At INOF, under the direction of Dr Fernández Agrafojo, we have a specialist ocular surface unit for the diagnosis and treatment of dry eye associated with diabetes.

If you have persistent symptoms, we recommend that you undergo a full assessment with our specialists.